Freebsd11安装apache24＋php7＋MariaDB100

青青子矜

可能是网络问题，使用porst安装经常出错，最后选择用Binary 套件来安装程序。
首先需要学习几个Binary 套件安装软体的几个命令
1、搜寻Binary 套件中编译好的软件包
pkg search 软件名（不需要版本号）
2、pkg指令手册
# man pkg-install 或
# pkg help install
3、安装命令
# pkg install packagename
4、卸载命令
# pkg delete packagename
一、安装Apache24

1. 
   
2.   # pkg install apache24
   
3. Updating FreeBSD repository catalogue...
   
4. FreeBSD repository is up-to-date.
   
5. All repositories are up-to-date.
   
6. The following 10 package(s) will be affected (of 0 checked):
   
7. New packages to be INSTALLED:
   
8.         apache24: 2.4.23_1
   
9.         libxml2: 2.9.4
   
10.         expat: 2.2.0
    
11.         apr: 1.5.2.1.5.4_1
    
12.         gdbm: 1.12
    
13.         indexinfo: 0.2.5
    
14.         gettext-runtime: 0.19.8.1
    
15.         db5: 5.3.28_4
    
16.         perl5: 5.20.3_15
    
17.         pcre: 8.39
    
18. Number of packages to be installed: 10
    
19. The process will require 136 MiB more space.
    
20. 33 MiB to be downloaded.
    
21. Proceed with this action? [y/N]: y
    
22. ...
    
23. ...
    
24. ===> Creating groups.
    
25. Using existing group 'www'.
    
26. ===> Creating users
    
27. Using existing user 'www'.
    
28. [10/10] Extracting apache24-2.4.23_1: 100%
    
29. Message from perl5-5.20.3_15:
    
30. The /usr/bin/perl symlink has been removed starting with Perl 5.20.
    
31. For shebangs, you should either use:
    
32. #!/usr/local/bin/perl
    
33. or
    
34. #!/usr/bin/env perl
    
35. The first one will only work if you have a /usr/local/bin/perl,
    
36. the second will work as long as perl is in PATH.
    
37. Message from apache24-2.4.23_1:
    
38. To run apache www server from startup, add apache24_enable="yes"
    
39. in your /etc/rc.conf. Extra options can be found in startup script.
    
40. Your hostname must be resolvable using at least 1 mechanism in
    
41. /etc/nsswitch.conf typically DNS or /etc/hosts or apache might
    
42. have issues starting depending on the modules you are using.
    
43. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
    
44. - apache24 default build changed from static MPM to modular MPM
    
45. - more modules are now enabled per default in the port
    
46. - icons and error pages moved from WWWDIR to DATADIR
    
47.    If build with modular MPM and no MPM is activated in
    
48.    httpd.conf, then mpm_prefork will be activated as default
    
49.    MPM in etc/apache24/modules.d to keep compatibility with
    
50.    existing php/perl/python modules!
    
51. Please compare the existing httpd.conf with httpd.conf.sample
    
52. and merge missing modules/instructions into httpd.conf!
    
53. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
    

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安装完成之后，用find命令查看一下apache24都按到了哪里

1. # find  / -name apache24
   
2. /usr/local/share/doc/apache24          //apache24文档
   
3. /usr/local/share/apache24   
   
4. /usr/local/etc/apache24
   
5. /usr/local/etc/rc.d/apache24  
   
6. /usr/local/include/apache24
   
7. /usr/local/libexec/apache24            //扩展库
   
8. /usr/local/www/apache24/data      //默认主目录

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设置apache24开机自启动

1. # echo ‘apache24_enable="YES"’>>/etc/rc.conf

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二、安装MariaDB
MariaDB是MySQL的替代品，性能优于MySQL。我们更担心的是因为甲骨文收购了Mysql后的闭源风险。

1. # pkg search mariadb
   
2. mariadb100-client-10.0.27      Multithreaded SQL database (client)
   
3. mariadb100-server-10.0.27      Multithreaded SQL database (server)
   
4. mariadb101-client-10.1.17      Multithreaded SQL database (client)
   
5. mariadb101-server-10.1.17      Multithreaded SQL database (server)
   
6. mariadb55-client-5.5.52        Multithreaded SQL database (client)
   
7. mariadb55-server-5.5.52        Multithreaded SQL database (server)

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选择MariaDB100

1. # pkg install mariadb100-server mariadb100-client
   
2. Updating FreeBSD repository catalogue...
   
3. FreeBSD repository is up-to-date.
   
4. All repositories are up-to-date.
   
5. The following 3 package(s) will be affected (of 0 checked):
   
6. New packages to be INSTALLED:
   
7.         mariadb100-server: 10.0.27
   
8.         mariadb100-client: 10.0.27
   
9.         openssl: 1.0.2j,1
   
10. Number of packages to be installed: 3
    
11. The process will require 238 MiB more space.
    
12. 33 MiB to be downloaded.
    
13. Proceed with this action? [y/N]: y
    
14. Fetching mariadb100-server-10.0.27.txz: 100%   27 MiB 801.3kB/s    00:35   
    
15. ......
    
16. ===> Creating groups.
    
17. Creating group 'mysql' with gid '88'.
    
18. ===> Creating users
    
19. Creating user 'mysql' with uid '88'.
    
20. [3/3] Extracting mariadb100-server-10.0.27: 100%
    
21. Message from openssl-1.0.2j,1:
    
22. Copy /usr/local/openssl/openssl.cnf.sample to /usr/local/openssl/openssl.cnf
    
23. and edit it to fit your needs.
    
24. Message from mariadb100-client-10.0.27:
    
25. ************************************************************************
    
26. MariaDB respects hier(7) and doesn't check /etc and /etc/mysql for
    
27. my.cnf. Please move existing my.cnf files from those paths to
    
28. /usr/local/etc and /usr/local/etc/mysql.
    
29. ************************************************************************
    
30. Message from mariadb100-server-10.0.27:
    
31. ************************************************************************
    
32. Remember to run mysql_upgrade (with the optional --datadir=<dbdir> flag)
    
33. the first time you start the MySQL server after an upgrade from an
    
34. earlier version.
    
35. MariaDB respects hier(7) and doesn't check /etc and /etc/mysql for
    
36. my.cnf. Please move existing my.cnf files from those paths to
    
37. /usr/local/etc and /usr/local/etc/mysql.
    
38. This port does NOT include the mytop perl script, this is included in
    
39. the MariaDB tarball but the most recent version can be found in the
    
40. databases/mytop port
    
41. ************************************************************************

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复制my.cnf

1. # cp /usr/local/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /usr/local/etc/my.cnf

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设置开启自启动

1. # echo 'mysql_enable＝"YES"'>>/etc/rc.conf

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启动MariaDB

1. # service mysql-server start

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管理员密码设置

1. # mysql_secure_installation
   
2. NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
   
3.       SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
   
4. ...
   
5. Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
   
6. root user without the proper authorisation.
   
7. Set root password? [Y/n] y
   
8. New password:                  //键入密码，看不见哦！
   
9. Re-enter new password:     //再键入一次
   
10. Password updated successfully!
    
11. Reloading privilege tables..
    
12. ... Success!
    
13. ...
    
14. production environment.
    
15. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
    
16. ... Success!
    
17. ...
    
18. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
    
19. ... Success!
    
20. ...
    
21. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
    
22. - Dropping test database...
    
23. ... Success!
    
24. - Removing privileges on test database...
    
25. ... Success!
    
26. ...
    
27. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
    
28. ... Success!
    
29. Cleaning up...
    
30. All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
    
31. installation should now be secure.
    
32. Thanks for using MariaDB!

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测试

1. # mysql -u root -p
   
2. Enter password:
   
3. Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
   
4. Your MariaDB connection id is 12
   
5. Server version: 10.0.27-MariaDB FreeBSD Ports
   
6. Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
   
7. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
   
8. MariaDB [(none)]> exit
   
9. Bye

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出现MariaDB [(none)]> ，表示成功。
三、安装php和扩展

1. # pkg install php70-bcmath php70-ctype php70-curl php70-exif php70-extensions php70-ftp php70-gd php70-gettext php70-mbstring php70-mcrypt php70-mysqli php70-opcache php70-openssl php70-pdo_mysql php70-xml php70-zip php70-zlib php70 mod_php70

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现在php7、性能超优秀，如果你的PHP程序不兼容PHP7，可以把70换成52、……、56等。
不需要很长时间。

1. # cp /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini-production php/usr/local/etc/php.ini

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pkg安装时已经将libphp7.so写入了httpd.conf里，只须在httpd.conf中加入php文件解析指令

1. <FilesMatch "\.php>
   
2.         SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
   
3. </FilesMatch>
   
4. <FilesMatch "\.phps>
   
5.         SetHandler application/x-httpd-php-source
   
6. </FilesMatch>

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四、启动httpd&phpinfo测试

1. # service apache24_server start

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在web的主目录下建立个php探针

1. # ee /usr/local/www/apache24/data/info.php

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加入如下代码：

1. <?php
   
2.       phpinfo();

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在浏览器中输入info.php网址，出现phpinfo的信息，大功告成。
至此，FAMP服务安装完毕。总体来说，FreeBSD上用Binary 套件来安装软件是超省时省事的。另外需要说的是，FreeBSD系统较各种Linux系统更稳健更简洁明快。